What is the clinical term for low oxygen levels in the blood?

The term for low oxygen levels in the blood is hypoxemia. Hypoxemia specifically refers to reduced oxygen saturation or partial pressure of oxygen in the arterial blood. This condition can lead to various physiological changes and can be indicative of underlying respiratory or cardiac issues. It is critical to identify hypoxemia because it can significantly affect cellular function and overall health, leading to complications such as tissue ischemia or organ failure if not addressed.

In contrast, hypercapnia refers to elevated carbon dioxide levels in the blood, dyspnea is the term used for difficulty in breathing, and cyanosis describes a bluish discoloration of the skin due to inadequate oxygenation. Each of these conditions is distinct and relates to different aspects of respiratory function and gas exchange. Understanding these terms is essential for anyone working in emergency medical services or related fields.