What is hyperventilation?

Hyperventilation is characterized by an increased rate and depth of breathing, which leads to a significant decrease in carbon dioxide levels within the bloodstream. This physiological state occurs when a person's breathing becomes too rapid and deep, often in response to stress, anxiety, or various medical conditions. The reduction in carbon dioxide can result in respiratory alkalosis, which is an increase in blood pH. Symptoms of hyperventilation can include lightheadedness, tingling in the extremities, and in some cases, fainting. This understanding of hyperventilation is crucial for recognizing its clinical implications, especially in emergency situations, where addressing the underlying cause and restoring normal respiratory patterns may be necessary for patient stabilization.